Awakening during slow-wave sleep causes prolonged cognitive impairment known as sleep inertia
Awakening from slow-wave sleep frequently leads to sleep inertia, a temporary state of impaired cognitive performance, reduced alertness, and decreased psychomotor efficiency.
Multiple experimental and review studies consistently support the well-established physiological phenomenon that waking from slow-wave sleep produces measurable cognitive impairment and reduced alertness known as sleep inertia.
Michele Ferrara, Luigi de Gennaro, Maria Casagrande, Mario Bertini. Selective slow‐wave sleep deprivation and time‐of‐night effects on cognitive performance upon awakening. 2000. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3740440
Demonstrates that cognitive performance upon awakening is adversely affected by sleep depth and slow-wave sleep.
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Cassie J. Hilditch, Lily R. Wong, N. Bathurst, N. Feick, S. Pradhan, Amanda Santamaria, N. Shattuck, E. Flynn-Evans. Rise and shine: The use of polychromatic short‐wavelength‐enriched light to mitigate sleep inertia at night following awakening from slow‐wave sleep. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13558
Notes that sleep inertia is the brief period of performance impairment and reduced alertness experienced after waking, especially from slow-wave sleep.
A. Soloveva, N. K. Solovev, A. O. Mokrousova, Y. Ukraintseva. MOTOR CONTROL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS RECOVERY DURING FORCED AWAKENING FROM SLOW-WAVE DAYTIME SLEEP. 2023. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0044467723060096
Shows that complex cognitive and motor tasks require significant time to recover immediately following forced awakening from slow-wave sleep.
M Ferrara, L De Gennaro, M Bertini. The effects of slow-wave sleep (SWS) deprivation and time of night on behavioral performance upon awakening.. 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00150-x
Indicates that selective slow-wave sleep deprivation and sleep depth interact with time-of-night factors to influence sleep inertia and performance impairment.
Robert L Matchock. Circadian and sleep episode duration influences on cognitive performance following the process of awakening.. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7742(10)93006-7
Explains that waking from longer sleep episodes involving slow-wave sleep produces temporary deficits in cognitive functioning known as sleep inertia.
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