Astronauts aboard the International Space Station experience muscle atrophy from disuse of their legs.
Astronauts face muscle atrophy due to the lack of gravitational load during spaceflight, a well-documented physiological challenge on the International Space Station.
The claim is specific and empirically testable. Multiple papers (0, 3, 5) directly support that microgravity and gravitational unloading cause muscle atrophy in astronauts and mammalian models, and countermeasures are actively researched to combat this effect.
T. Lang, J. V. van Loon, S. Bloomfield, L. Vico, A. Chopard, J. Rittweger, A. Kyparos, D. Blottner, I. Vuori, R. Gerzer, P. Cavanagh. Towards human exploration of space: the THESEUS review series on muscle and bone research priorities. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-017-0013-0
Paper 0 establishes that microgravity during spaceflight results in muscle and bone atrophy, which countermeasures on the ISS aim to mitigate.
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Kevin Li, Riya Desai, Ryan T. Scott, J. R. Steele, M. Machado, Samuel Demharter, A. Hoarfrost, Jessica L. Braun, Val A. Fajardo, Lauren M. Sanders, S. Costes. Explainable machine learning identifies multi-omics signatures of muscle response to spaceflight in mice. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-023-00337-5
Paper 3 analyzes muscle tissue from mice on the ISS and identifies molecular mechanisms of spaceflight-induced muscle atrophy.
T. Trappe, Per A. Tesch, Björn Alkner, Scott Trappe. Microgravity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in women and men:Implications for long-duration spaceflights to the Moon and Mars.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00412.2023
Paper 5 demonstrates via bed-rest analogs that microgravity leads to significant muscle volume loss in human lower limbs.
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