[Methodological approach to the evaluation of health status of white-collar workers]. According to the results of a complex examination of white-collar workers the data on medical checkups, assessment of the body functional state, mental and physical work capacity, risk factors were used as criteria of their health status. Three levels of health were conditionally determined and individual measures aimed at primary and secondary disease prevention motivated along with their terms and tactics. Published in Gigiena i sanitariia (1990)

This paper examines disparities in preventive care utilization among Latino immigrants, differentiating between naturalized U.S. citizens, permanent residents, temporary status holders, and undocumented immigrants. We analyzed data from the 2015–2016 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), a cross-sectional, representative sample of California residents. Our sample consisted of 5,513 respondents who self-identified as foreign-born Latinos. We examined three measures of preventive health: annual checkups, flu vaccinations, and access to mammogram screenings. We applied weighted logistic regr We analyzed data from the 2015–2016 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), a cross-sectional, representative sample of California residents. Our sample consisted of 5,513 respondents who self-identified as foreign-born Latinos. We examined three measures of preventive health: annual checkups, flu vaccinations, and access to mammogram screenings. We applied weighted logistic regression to estimate how immigrants’ odds of receiving annual checkups and flu vaccinations in the past year, and mammogram screenings in the past two years, differed by legal status after controlling for various sociodemographic and health factors. After controlling for sociodemographic, health status, and health access factors, legal status disparities in flu vaccinations lose statistical significance, while naturalized citizens continue to have higher odds of annual checkups (OR = 1.46, p = 0.032) and mammograms (OR = 2.69, p = 0.000) and permanent residents remain more likely to receive mammograms (OR = 1.68, p = 0.05) relative to undocumented immigrants. Our findings underscore the need to address access to and utilization of preventive care among legally vulnerable immigrants. We consider annual checkups, where medical professionals screen patients for conditions such as hypertension, ensure that vaccines and medications are up-to-date, and discuss lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation. Health checks have been found to increase detection of chronic diseases, utilization of other preventive services such as cancer screenings, improve patient-reported health and quality of life outcomes, and foster close relationships between patients and doctors [ 22 , 23 ]. Boldface indicates statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference compared with undocumented immigrants. Our descriptive statistics indicate that undocumented immigrants in our sample are significantly less likely relative to naturalized citizens and LPRs to utilize all the preventive health services we examine, but not relative to temporary status holders. Undocumented immigrants have significantly lower rates of having an annual checkup and receiving a flu vaccine relative to both naturalized citizens and permanent residents. Annual checkup (simple) Annual checkup (full) Flu vaccination (simple) Flu vaccination (full) Mammogram (simple) Mammogram (full) Legal status Naturalized 3.23 (2.49, 4.17) Boldface indicates statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference compared with undocumented immigrants. While naturalized citizens report significantly higher odds of receiving an annual checkup after adjusting for relevant sociodemographic and health-related controls (OR = 1.45, p = 0.032), annual checkup differences between LPRs and undocumented immigrants and all legal status disparities in flu vaccinations lose statistical significance after controls. Immigrants’ general healthcare access and health status significantly predicted their access to physical exams and flu vaccinations. Having chronic health conditions also increased immigrants’ likelihoods of receiving preventive care. We found that each reported chronic condition increased immigrants’ odds of receiving an annual exam by 47.5% (p = 0.000) and receiving a flu vaccination by 27.3% (p = 0.000). Finally, immigrants’ sociodemographic characteristics shaped their likelihood of obtaining preventive care. Immigrants who reported being unemployed had 51% higher odds of obtaining an annual checkup (p = 0.001) and 41% higher odds of obtaining a flu vaccine (p = 0.001) relative to those who were employed. Finally, women had higher odds of obtaining an annual checkup (OR = 1.36, p = 0.007) and flu vaccine (OR = 1.21, p = 0.001) relative to men. Furthermore, we find that legal status differences persist in Latina immigrant women’s mammogram utilization net of socioeconomic, health, and migration controls. Naturalized citizen women have nearly three times the odds (OR = 2.69, p = 0.00) of receiving a mammogram in the past two years relative to undocumented women, while permanent resident women have 1.68 times the odds (p = 0.050). This paper examines legal status disparities in the utilization of preventive care among Latino immigrants in California. We found that undocumented immigrants report lower unadjusted rates of obtaining annual checkups, flu vaccinations, and mammogram screenings relative to citizen and permanent resident immigrants, but similar rates relative to temporary status immigrants. Legal status disparities in obtaining flu vaccinations lost statistical significance after adjusting for sociodemographic and health access controls, particularly insurance status, access to hospitals for usual source of care, and having a personal doctor. Nonetheless, differences between citizens and undocumented immigrants in obtaining annual checkups and legal status disparities in mammogram screenings persisted after the inclusion of health access and demographic controls. However, migrants with temporary legal status report comparable rates of preventive care utilization relative to undocumented immigrants, despite their protected legal status and their eligibility for health programs that exclude the undocumented. Our findings demonstrate the need to address access to and utilization of preventive care for legally vulnerable immigrant populations, including immigrants with temporary legal status.

Background: A prolonged QT interval (QTc) is associated with the development of atrial fibrillation. However, reports linking QTc variability and atrial fibrillation are limited. Purpose: To investigate the relationship linking prolongation and variability of QTc with new-onset atrial fibrillation in Japanese adults. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the annual health screening data of 103,304 adults (50,438 males; mean age, 54 years) who did not exhibit atrial fibrillation at baseline between April 2005 and October 2018. The majority of the study population underwent annual health ex