Evidence indicates that animals exhibit anomalous behaviors before earthquakes, potentially reacting to low-frequency (ULF/ELF) electromagnetic signals and related pre-earthquake physical phenomena generated by stressed rocks.
The retrieved literature contains specific studies detailing how pre-earthquake crustal stresses produce ultra-low frequency and extremely low frequency (ULF/ELF) electromagnetic emissions, which correlate temporally with reported abnormal animal behaviors and physiological responses. Papers [3] and [8] provide direct support for this mechanism. Other papers are off-topic or tangential.