Alternative initiation codons are utilized in protein translation
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
confidence 68/100
Extensive genomic and biochemical evidence confirms that alternative initiation codons, including non-AUG triplets, are widely utilized during protein translation across eukaryotes to generate diverse protein isoforms.
Evidence for · 11
Reinitiation at non-canonical start codons leads to leak expression when incorporating unnatural amino acids
2015 · cited by 41
Reinitiation at non-canonical start codons can mediate leak expression and create unintended proteins.
Evidence against · 1
Mammalian Alternative Translation Initiation Is Mostly Nonadaptive.
2020 · cited by 0
Suggests that alternative translation initiation predominantly results from nonadaptive molecular errors rather than regulated adaptive processes.
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More for · 10
AUG codons at the beginning of protein coding sequences are frequent in eukaryotic mRNAs with a suboptimal start codon context
2004 · cited by 37
Suboptimal start codon contexts in eukaryotic mRNAs encourage the utilization of downstream AUG codons as additional start sites.
Translation initiation at non-AUG codons mediated by weakened association of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2 subunits
2002 · cited by 34
Mutations in translation initiation factors allow ribosomes to initiate translation at non-AUG codons.
Mutations in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> eIF2β Permit Translation Initiation From Non-AUG Start Codons
2010 · cited by 5
Mutations in eIF2β permit translation initiation from non-AUG start codons in multicellular organisms.
Critical
<i>cis</i>
-parameters influence STructure Assisted RNA Translation (START) initiation on non-AUG codons in eukaryotes
2024 · cited by 0
Secondary structures downstream of start sites assist translation initiation on non-AUG codons in eukaryotes.
Generation of protein isoform diversity by alternative initiation of translation at non-AUG codons.
2003 · cited by 0
Mammalian mRNAs frequently initiate translation from alternative non-AUG codons to produce protein isoforms with distinct functions.
Translation initiation at AUG and non-AUG triplets in plants.
2023 · cited by 0
Plants utilize numerous unannotated alternative AUG and non-AUG translation initiation sites in vivo.
Non-AUG start codons: Expanding and regulating the small and alternative ORFeome.
2020 · cited by 0
Ribosome profiling and proteomic studies reveal thousands of novel coding sequences initiating at non-AUG start codons.
Critical cis-parameters influence STructure assisted RNA translation (START) initiation on non-AUG codons in eukaryotes.
2024 · cited by 0
Genomic analysis shows that structure-assisted RNA translation promotes initiation at non-AUG codons in eukaryotes.
Prevalence of alternative AUG and non-AUG translation initiators and their regulatory effects across plants.
2020 · cited by 0
Ribosome profiling globally identifies thousands of alternative AUG and non-AUG translation initiation sites across plants.
Translation Initiation Site Profiling Reveals Widespread Synthesis of Non-AUG-Initiated Protein Isoforms in Yeast.
2020 · cited by 0
Translation initiation site profiling reveals widespread synthesis of non-AUG-initiated protein isoforms in yeast.