Multiple preclinical and neuroimaging studies demonstrate that acupuncture exerts physiological and analgesic effects by modulating neurochemical pathways, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic plasticity.
The retrieved papers provide extensive preclinical, neuroimaging, and molecular evidence demonstrating that acupuncture engages specific neurochemical pathways (including monoamines, serotonin, ATP, and GABAergic systems) to produce physiological and analgesic effects. Because all relevant literature supports the claim without conflicting data, the balance verdict is SUPPORTED.